Q 2: Three men broke their Sawm (Fast) intentionally in Ramadan: one once, the second three days, and the third observed Sawm only one day. What is the ruling regarding each one of them?

A: It is obligatory on those who break their Sawm because of having sexual intercourse to make up for the missed days and offer Kaffarah (expiation) for each day, that is, emancipating a believing bondsman, but if they do not find one, they must observe Sawm for two successive months. If they cannot afford to do so, then they must feed sixty Miskins (needy persons) for every day of Sawm. As for those whose breaking the Sawm is because of some nullifiers other than having sexual intercourse, such as eating or drinking, it is obligatory to only make up for the missed days without offering Kaffarah according to the more correct of the two scholarly opinions. Moreover, each one of them should offer Tawbah (repentance to Allah) and Istighfar (seeking forgiveness from Allah). If a Mukallaf (a person meeting the conditions to be held legally accountable for their actions) intentionally breaks their Sawm during Ramadan, this is regarded as one of the major sins if done without a Shar`y (Islamically lawful) excuse.