Q 4: Kindly, cite all the cases whereby a person is judged to be a Kafir (disbeliever), outside the Din (religion) of Islam. What is the ruling on a person judged as such? Please, give a brief account on Riddah (apostasy), the lower degree of Kufr (disbelief) and love and hate of such a person for Allah’s Sake.

A: The Mukafirat (Crimes, the perpetration of which make one a disbeliever) that place a person outside Islam are many, among them are the following: (Part No. 2; Page No. 21) 1- To deny the Ma‘lum min ad-din biddarurah (the inevitably well-known basic principles of the religion) or the fact that they are obligatory acts of worship, such as denying that Salah (prayer), Zakah (obligatory charity), Sawm (fast), Hajj or the like are Divinely ordained duties, 2- To deem lawful that which is inevitably well-known to be prohibited in Islam such as Zina (sexual intercourse outside marriage), drinking Khamr (intoxicant), premeditated unjust murder, impiety towards parents and the like, 3- To revile Allah, His Messenger, the religion of Islam, angels or the like. However, for a comprehensive list of such cases, please refer to the chapter of the Ruling on Apostate in the books of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).May Allah grant us success. May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions.